Cholera

Cholera Vaccination

Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal illness caused by a bacteria. The disease infects the small bowel and causes painless, watery diarrhea. It is known to infect only humans.

Cholera is usually transmitted via infected water that has been contaminated by faeces and less commonly via food.

The disease is found throughout the world particularly in countries where sanitation is poor, particularly parts of Africa, India and South East Asia.

The risks for travelers

Prevention is focused on ensuring safe food and water, particularly in countries where cholera is more common. Food and drink to be wary of include untreated water, ice, shellfish, salads, unwashed fruit and vegetables.

Good personal hygiene is essential. Individuals should ensure that they wash their hands prior to eating and after visiting the bathroom.

A vaccine is available to protect against cholera.

Cholera Vaccination

Vaccination should be considered under the following circumstances and is dependent on the individual risk assessment:

Volunteers/aid workers/medical personnel in disaster relief situations where cholera outbreaks likely.
Those travelling to work in slums/refugee camps, areas affected by natural disasters, or countries experiencing cholera outbreaks (see current notes on the country concerned).

Areas reporting cholera outbreaks 2010-2014 (WHO)